Parallel bars are two 3. Athletes perform routines combining an interchange of handstands, swinging movements and somersaults both above and below the bars, culminating in a dismount comprising of multiple somersaults with or without multiple twists.
This high apparatus is a steel bar 2. The routine must be a dynamic presentation with the fluid connection of swinging, turning, and flight elements, alternating between elements performed near to and far from the bar in a variety of hand grips so as to demonstrate the full potential of the apparatus. The routine culminates in an explosive dismount aiming to perform a perfect landing.
After gaining speed with a running start the approach run being 25m, the gymnasts take off from a spring board, pushes from the vault table with their hands then perform somersaults with twists attempting to finish with a controlled and steady landing. To qualify for the apparatus final, gymnasts are required to perform two separate vaults from different vault groups. Uneven Bars consists of two bars. The high bar is 2.
Gymnasts swing in both directions and from bar to bar, performing release and turning movements through and into handstand, above and below the bars. They aim to finish the routine with a spectacular controlled dismount.
The Balance Beam is 5m long and 1. Gymnasts have up to 90 seconds to perform a combination of acrobatic skills, jumps, turns and dance movements. A noise sounds after 1 minute and 20 seconds indicating to the gymnast that they only have 10 seconds left to complete their routine. Floor exercises are executed on a 12m x 12m sprung floor.
The surface lies on a special wooden underlay, which provides both spring and absorption for take-offs and landings. Female gymnasts present their routine with the accompaniment of music, combining dance with acrobatic skills, using the entire floor area. Judges look for good interpretation to the music and artistry with personal flair. At international standard events 80cm to cm-high podium is used for artistic gymnastics events.
The apparatus are placed on this podium and stabilised on the suitable sockets, in specific distances between them and with a safety margin from the end of the podium, in accordance with the Technical Regulations of FIG. A panel of eight judges plus a supervisor will preside over each routine in the Qualification phase and the All-Around Finals while a panel of nine judges plus a supervisor will evaluate routines in the apparatus Finals. Men wear a sleeveless gymnastics leotard and shorts for floor and vault, and long gymnastics stirrups with a leotard for the remaining four apparatus.
Women must always wear a leotard or unitard. In some apparatus, the Horizontal Bars, Uneven Bars or Rings the gymnasts wear special leather hand guards to enhance their grip and protect their skin. Athletes use powdered magnesium carbonate chalk in order to keep their hands and feet dry to maintain a good grip on the apparatus.
All routines are performed to music and the time limit for individual exercises is 1. During the exercise, the apparatus must be in constant motion: movements with great variety of shape, amplitude, direction, plane and speed should be performed. Composing a routine is based on including in it some specific fundamental groups of body movements and also technical groups in apparatus usage.
Team Competition All gymnasts compete in the Team competition, with the score calculated by adding the best 10 scores from the three competing athletes. Each athlete may perform a maximum of four routines and not more than one with each piece of apparatus i. Individual All-Around Final The highest ranked 16 athletes from the Team Event qualify for the individual All-Around final, with a maximum of two from each country.
Both height and distance from the bar are judged. The goal of every gymnast is to stick the landing on his or her dismount. That is to land without moving her feet. Although the beam appears to be hard, modern beams are slightly sprung and covered in leather or suede material. There are many types of skills on balance beam, including leaps, jumps, turns, holds and acrobatic moves.
However, it takes great deal of courage and concentration to perform difficult tumbling and dance skills on beam. Gymnasts often dread the event because a fall off the apparatus means a full point deduction. In a leap , the gymnast propels herself off of one foot, performs a split at some point in the air, and lands on one foot. The gymnast must hit a full split degrees or more to avoid deductions. More difficult leaps include ring leaps, twisting leaps with a turn during the leap and switch leaps, where the gymnast starts on one leg and kicks the other leg forward then back into the split position.
Jumps are similar to leaps, except the gymnast takes off from two feet and lands on two feet. Ring jumps, sheep jumps, and twisting jumps in various positions are commonly-seen jumps at the elite level. Every gymnast must perform at least one turn -- a skill in which the gymnast pirouettes on one foot at least degrees around a full turn.
The more revolutions a gymnast does the more difficult it is, so double and triple turns are rated more highly than full turns. Gymnasts also can add to their difficulty score by performing turns with their free leg high in the air, or in a crouch position low to the beam.
Holds include scales and handstands. There are many fewer holds in beam routines today than in the past, simply because gymnasts don't have time to spare doing hold moves -- they want to pack in as many skills as they can of high value, and these skills take up more time than others and are generally of lower value. Acrobatic moves encompass a wide variety of skills, ranging from walkovers to handsprings to flips, performed forward and backward. High-level gymnasts do acrobatic moves in combination, and some of the toughest combinations being done involve full-twisting back flips in the tucked or stretched position.
The floor provides a gymnast an opportunity to express their personality through the choice of music at senior levels and choreography. Throughout the routine, the gymnast must harmoniously blend dance elements and tumbling while making versatile use of floor space, changing both the direction and level of movement.
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